The central processing unit (CPU) is the core element of a computer, responsible for most processing and computation. But where does the CPU store its calculations?
The CPU stores its computations in several places:
Registers: Registers are small, high-speed memory locations built-into the CPU itself. They store data that the processor is actively using or processing. Different types of registers exist, such as general-purpose, floating point, and special-purpose.
Cache: The CPU also features a cache, which is an area of high-speed memory located either on or near the chip itself. This cache stores frequently used data and instructions so the CPU can access them faster than if it had to retrieve them from main memory.
Main Memory: Main memory, also referred to as RAM (random access memory), is where the CPU stores data and instructions that it needs quick access to for current work or unexpected emergencies. Located on the motherboard of a computer, main memory can be accessed via its dedicated memory bus.
Hard drive: The hard drive is a long-term storage device used to store data and instructions. Although the CPU can access information stored on the hard drive, it does so at a slower rate than accessing data in main memory or cache.
Virtual Memory: When the CPU requires more memory than what is available in main memory, virtual memory can be utilized. Virtual memory works by treating part of your hard drive as if it were additional main memory; data is stored there while not in use and gives access to more physical space than what the CPU actually has available.
The CPU stores its computations in various locations such as registers, cache, main memory, hard drive and virtual memory. Each memory type has different speeds and capabilities which the CPU uses according to the requirements of a given task.
